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Liaoning province, abbreviated as "Liao", is situated at the southern part of northeast China (118°53'-125°46' east longitude, 38°43'-43°26' north latitude). The widest distance from the east to the west is 550km, while from the south to the north is 550 km. Liaoning is a key link between China's northeast economic zone and the Bohai Sea Rim economic zone.
Liaoning covers a total land area of 145,900 square km
There are 11 national development zones and 14 provincial development zones.
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| Economic Development |
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1. Layout Is Rather Rational.
The two major industrial zones obviously characterize. Liaoning in- dustrial layout is comparatively concentrated and distinct. It forms the two major industrial zones in central-part cities and coastal areas. The two industrial zones have individual features and industrial system with great varieties. In central-part cities industrial zone: there are machinery, electronics, medical pharmaceutical, chemical, automobile, aviation, textile, light and nonferrous metallurgical industry in Shenyang, coal, electric power, petrochemical, iron-steel industry in Fushun and Fuxin, chemical fiber industry in Liaoyang, iron-steel, building material and textile industry in Anshan and Benxi, electric power and coal industry in Tieling. Taking Shenyang as the center and Shenyang- Dalian freeway as main axis, the industrial zone was formed with a area of about 41,000 square km and industrial output value over 55% of the whole province. Taking Dalian as the center and Dandong, Yingkou, Panjin, Jinzhou, Huludao, Chaoyang as the both flanks, in the coastal areas there are:machinery, shipbuilding, metallurgical electronics light industry, petrochemical, textile, pharmaceutical industry etc. in Dalian, machinery, petrochemical, building material, shipbuilding, chemical industry etc. in Jinzhou, Huludao and Chaoyang, textile, light industry, metallurgical, electronics in- dustry etc. in famous light-industrial base Yingkou and Dandong.
2. Complete System And Categories.
Liaoning is one of provinces with complete industrial categories throughout the country. There are 40 large categories, 197 medium ones, about 500 small ones in the whole provincial industry. Around " Structure optimized, Sc-tech developed, export-oriented affected" three major strategies, the whole province actively carries out " Two high, one finish" (i.e. developing new hi-tech industry, transforming the traditional industry with new hi-tech and procession-finished machining of raw materials), regards petrochemical, metallurgy, electronics and machinery as four major mainstay industries meanwhile taking developing infrastructural industry and re- forming traditional industry into consideration, actively grows newly developed industry, strengthen competitive capacity of industry as well as constantly advance industry structure. At present, there exists stronger capacity in mining, metallurgy, chemical, building material, machining, instrument, electronic-communications, computer software, durable daily articles, some special purpose hi-tech products for special use. There are a lot of representative enterprises in the whole country such as Anshan Iron & Steel Company, Benxi Iron & Steel Co., Wafangdian Bearing Factory, Northeast Nonferrous Group, Dalian Petrochemical Company, Dalian Shipyard, Shenyang Transformer Works, Jinxi Refining & Chemical General Works etc.
3. Solid Foundation.
Liaoning is rich in resources both in term of variety and reserves volume. Found mining products are up to more than 100 kinds and, prospected reserves are 64 types. Among them, iron ore, boron ore, magnesite, diamond, talcum, jade, flux, limestone etc., rank first in national reserves. In addition, the reserves of oil shale, silica, kaolin, quartz, pearlite, betonite, potash ore, molybdenum ore, petroleum etc. are in the forefront of the country. The 3rd largest oil-gas field is located in Panjin. Liaoning industry occupies an important place. In 1994, Liaoning economic gross output value ranked 6th in the country, among which, the first industry ranked 14th, the 2nd industry occupied 5th and the 3rd industry ranked 4th. The industrial total output value of Liaoning village and above-village enterprises ranked 6th in the country, among which stale industry was 3rd, steel products was 1st; iron ingot, steel and soda output-2nd; crude oil, salt-4th, power and chemical fiber output-5th; sulfuric acid output-6th in the country.
4. Liaoning science and technology
With a strong team, complete scientific research, forming a complete sets, possesses stronger ability of surmounting technical problem and developing technology, and establishes a batch of national grade test base equipped with world-advanced inspecting ways, so that the wide-domain research system was made up. In 1994, there were 1,650,000 various professional technical personnel in the state-owned enterprises and institutions ranking 2nd through- out the province. Among them, 390,000 were engineering technical personnel. There were 396 natural science research and technical development organizations of county and above county level, 100 science research and technical development organizations of universities and 824 technical development organizations of large & medium-sized industrial enterprises in the province. The main science and technical units: (in the metallurgy research field),Shenyang Metal Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Northeast University, Liaoning Provincial Metallurgy Research Institute etc. with stronger assaulting ability on ferrous, nonferrous, metal ore-dressing, smelting and machining research; (in the basic science research field), Dalian Chemical & Physical Research Institute etc. are the state key science research institutes;(in the developing technology field), the science research units on electronic technology, computer technology, auto-control technology, vacuum technology,biological technology etc. which have been established.In the other field such as petroleum, chemical, machinery, coal, instrument, diesel-electric locomotive, shipbuilding, dying etc. Are also with the stronger assaulting ability.
5. Transportation Is Quite Flourishing.
Liaoning province is highly urbanized with complete essential installations and developed communication. Transportation and communication network link up all parts of the province by means of railway main trunks, highway main lines, oil piping lines, air lines and port groups. The operations mileage amounts to 3,758 km among which the multiple track is 1,341km, the average railway business mileage is 2.6 km per sq. km. In the whole province, there are black-surfaced roads leading to every county, highway to every village, with total mileage of 42,763 km and all-weather mileage of 35,834 km. The highway quality is improved uninterruptedly. Shenyang-Dalian all-closed free- way with which the whole course is 375 km has created a precedent in building a freeway in China's mainland and become the golden passageway opening Liaodong peninsula to the outside world. Liaoning coastline is 2,178 km in length. The main coastal ports are: Dalian, Yingkou, Dandong, Jinzhou, Huludao etc., in which there are 142 productive berths, 46 deep-water berths over ten thousand tonnage. The dealing volume of the whole province ports reach 74 million tons. In Liaoning there are 4 airports ---Shenyang, Dalian, Dandong and Chaoyang, 56 regular airlines with 118,000 km. |
| Competitive Industry |
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Solid Industrial Basis Makes it China's Heavy Industry and Raw Material Bases
There are 26,000 Industrial enterprises in Liaoning. Among which 1, 357 are large & medium sized ones, covering one tenth of the nation's total. Now it has formed an annual production capacity of 12.59 mil tons of pig iron, 13.19 mil tons of steel, 15.02 mil tons of crude oil, 28 mil tons of processed oil products,19.17 mil tons of cement, 12.79 mil weight cases of plate glass and 22,000 sets of machine tools. Metallurgy, machinery, petroleum, chemical and building materials are the province's pillar industries. There are 1,100 metallurgical enterprises in Liaoning, China's largest iron and steel giants? the Anshan Iron & Steel Complex and the Benxi Tron & Steel Complex-are just located here, they produce various kinds of metallurgical products, such as shaped products, plates, straps, tubes and other special steel and metal product. Machinery boasts over 1. 000 enterprises , which produces 138 categories and over 20,000 varieties. It can supply and produce complete sets of heavy -- duty mining equipment, petrochemical machinery, heavy-- Lifting and transportation equipment, electricity transmission and transformation equipment, metal-- cutting machine tools, ocean--going vessels, and combustion diesel engine locomotives, etc.. Plane and auto making are also in quite a scale. Mechanical and electrical products are the province's main export products, its export amounted to USDI. 15 billion in 1994. The province boasts a petroleum processing capacity of 30 million tons. Its main products are gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, solvent oil , naphtha, paraffin and its deep and fine processing product series.
Liaoning is also a main producing base of China's chemical fertilizer, acid, alkali, salt, rubber products, paints, dyestuffs and chemical medicines. The province's building materials industry has nearly 100 large & medium sized enterprises, building materials and non--metal products occupy an important place in the whole nation. Liaoning's electronics, medical, textile and light industries also have some basis. Electronics is a newly boomed industry in the Province, now it has begun to form a production system from elements and components to complete units High tech products, such as TV transmitter, underwater intelligent robot, etc, has some export now. |
| Important Zones |
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Yingkou Economic and Technical Development Zone
Yingkou Economic and Technical Development Zone ( abbreviated to Yingkou Development Zone ) was approved as a national economic and technical development zone by the State Council in October, 1992 with a primary area of 6 square kilometers during the early stage, an developing area of 16 square kilometers in recent stage and a planning controlled area of 183 square kilometers.
Yingkou Development Zone is situated in the range of 40 15` north latitude and 122 10' east longitude, neighboring Yinkou New Port. It is 210 kilometers north to Shenyang, the capital city of Liaoning Province, and 180 kilometers south to the port city Dalian. The region has an annual average temperature of 9 C, annual precipitation of 606 mm, mild maritime climate.
Shenyang Economic& Technological Development Zone
Shenyang Economic & Technological Development Zone was founded in June 1988, and approved by the State Council of the People's Republic of China as a national-level Economic & Technological Development Zone in April 1993.
With a planned area of 32 square kilometers, Shenyang Economic & Technological Development Zone is bordered by Shenyang round-the-city highway. The first phase on the east covers an area of 4.48 square kilometers, the second phase on the west covers an area of 7.7 square kilometers, while the third phase is planned to cover an area of 19.82 square kilometers.
Shenyang Economic & Technological Development Zone is a national industry oriented economic region mainly focused on the establishment of Sino-foreign joint ventures, cooperative enterprises and foreign sole-proprietorship companies, enjoying the preferential policies and flexible measures for China's special economic zones.
Dandong Frontier Economic Cooperation Zone
Dandong Frontier Economic Cooperation Zone is located in China's largest largest border city, Dandong, opposites the river from the North Korea.
In 1992, Dandong Frontier Economic Cooperation Zone was approved by the State Council as a national-level development zone, with a total area of 23.57 square kilometers. It is divided into three smaller functional zones: the trade and tourism zone, the Jinquan Industrial Zone and the Tax-bonded Storage and Processing Zone.
Dalian Tax-bonded Zone
Dalian Tax-bonded Zone was founded on May 13,1992, with the approval of the State Council as a special zone under the supervision of the customs office. With more than seven years of development, the zone has taken initial shape, with all careers achieving significant development. By the end of 1999, 665 foreign investment companies in more than 20 countries and regions, namely Hong Kong, the U.S., Japan, Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, and Canada, etc., have settled down in Dalian Tax-bonded Zone. In 1999, the zone achieved a total GDP of 1.54 billion yuan RMB, a tariff of 840 million yuan RMB, a market transaction volume of 7.3 billion yuan RMB, a tax revenue of 210 million yuan RMB and an agreed foreign investment of 250 million US dollars, becoming a key window of opening to the outside world and a new growth point of export-oriented economy for Dalian and the northeastern region.
Dandong Frontier Economic Cooperation Zone
Dandong Frontier Economic Cooperation Zone is located in China's largest largest border city, Dandong, opposites the river from the North Korea.
In 1992, Dandong Frontier Economic Cooperation Zone was approved by the State Council as a national-level development zone, with a total area of 23.57 square kilometers. It is divided into three smaller functional zones: the trade and tourism zone, the Jinquan Industrial Zone and the Tax-bonded Storage and Processing Zone.
Dalian Economic & Technological Development Zone
Dalian Economic & Technological Development Zone was the first development zone approved by the State Council in September 1984, succeeding the four special economic zones of our country. With 16 years of development, Dalian Development Zone has turned into a prosperous modern city from the previous bleak island and fishing village. At present, the developed area of Dalian Development Zone is 53 square kilometers, with an accumulated investment of 39.7 billion yuan RMB. Among the investment, 8.4 billion is in infrastructure and public service facilities; 5.34 billion is in commodity real estate construction, with 32.93 square meters of per capita public greenbelt area; 1347 foreign investment companies in three categories have been approved, with a total investment of 10.3 billion US dollars, and an actual utilization of 3.09 billion US dollars; 39 of the world's top 500 companies have investment projects in the zone. Dalian Development Zone enjoys advantageous geographic location with broad inland area. It ranks highly in the development zones of the country in aspects such as the area of development, the infrastructure facilities, the elegant environment and the amount of actual utilization of foreign investment, etc., being one of China's most representative and influential development zones, and a new economic growth point for Liaoning Province and Dalian City.
Benxi Economic & Technological Development Zone
Benxi Economic & Technological Development Zone was approved as a provincial economic development zone by Liaoning Provincial People's Government on March 15,1993. It covers an area of 88 square kilometers. With the total planned area of 28 square kilometers and an initial area of 1.5 square kilometers.
The development zone is 21 kilometers away from the parent city of Benxi, 43 kilometers away from the provincial capital of Shenyang City, 61 kilometers away from Liaoning City, 45 kilometers away from Fushun City and 80 kilometers way from Anshan City. Benxi Economic & Technological Development Zone can fully absorb the "radiation effect" and "concentration and dispersion effect" of the mid-Liaoning city group, being an ideal place for the development of machinery, electronics, steel and iron, chemical engineering and build material industries.
National Economic Technology Development Zone Dalian Economic Technology Development Zone
National Economic Technology Development Zone Dalian Economic Technology Development Zone
Shenyang Economic Development Zone
Yingkou Economic Development Zone
National High-Tech Development Zone Anshan High-Tech Development Zone
Dalian High-Tech Development Zone
Shenyang High-Tech Development Zone
National Free Trade Zone Dalian Free Trade Zone
National Export Processing Zone Liaoning Shenyang Export Processing Zone
Liaoning Dalian Export Processing Zone
Liaoning Shenyang Zhangshi Export Processing Zone
National Border Economic Cooperation Zone Dandong Border Economic Cooperation Zone
Provincial Development Zone Shenyang Daoyi Economic Development Zone
Shenyang Huishan Economic Development Zone
Shenyang Qipan Mountain Economic Development Zone
Shenyang Xuesong Economic Development Zone
Shenyang Hunhe Nationality Economic Development Zone
Liaoning Xinmin Economic Development Zone
Shenyang--EU Economic Development Zone
Liaoning Faku Economic Development Zone
Liaoning Kangping Economic Development Zone
Liaoning Liaozhong Economic Development Zone
Liaoning Chaoyang Economic Development Zone
Liaoning Beipiao Economic Development Zone
Liaoning Fuxin Economic Development Zone
Liaoning Fuxin High-Tech Industrial Park
Liaoning Tieling Economic Development Zone
Liaoning Fushun VictoryEconomic Development Zone
Liaoning Fushun Economic Development Zone
Liaoning Benxi Economic Development Zone
Liaoning Liaoyang High-Tech Industrial Park
Liaoning Liaoyang Economic Development Zone
Liaoning Anshan Economic Development Zone
Liaoning Haicheng Economic Development Zone
Liaoning Anshan Tengao Economic Development Zone
Liaoning Dandong East Harbor Economic Development Zone
Liaoning Dandong Qianyang Economic Development Zone
Liaoning Wafangdian Emplacement Economic Development Zone
Liaoning Changxing Islangd Economic Development Zone
Dalian Lvshun Economic Development Zone
Dalian Jinzhou Economic Development Zone
Dalian Ganjingzi Industrial Park
Liaoning Pulandian Economic Development Zone
Liaoning Yingkou High-Tech Industrial Park
Liaoning Yingkou Nanlou Economic Development Zone
Liaoning Yingkou Dashiqiao Economic Development Zone
Liaoning Panjin Economic Development Zone
Liaoning Jinzhou Economic Development Zone
Liaoning Jinzhou High-Tech Industrial Park
Liaoning Jinzhou Goubangzi Economic Development Zone
Liaoning Calabash Island High-Tech Industrial Park
Liaoning Calabash Island Economic Development Zone
Liaoning Calabash Island Yangjia Zhangzi Economic Development Zone
Liaoning Calabash Island Bajiazi Economic Development Zone |
| Infrastructure |
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Communications and Transportation Facilities
Liaoning has formed a comprehensive transportation network with ports as its portals, railways as its arteries, trunk highways as its backbones, and coordinated by civil aviation and pipeline transportation. It has 5,159 km of railways in operation, the densest in China, and over 40, 000km of highways, of which, 17,200 kms are high-level and sub-high -level ones. Shenyang -- DaLian expressway, which runs through the province from north to south, covers 375 kms. Expressways from Shenyang to Benxi and from Shenyang to Tieling are under full construction. An expressway network, centered by Shenyang, radiating the whole province and connecting neighboring provinces, is going to take shape. Highway links extend to all of the province's towns and 90 percent of its villages, The province has five foreign trade harbours, namely Dalian YingKou, Bayuquan, Dandong and Jinzhou. There are 150 main berths, among which, 10,000 tonnage berths 39, its annual handling capacity reaches 53.82 million tons. with an actual finish of 73.96 million tons. Airports in Shenyang and Dalian have opened lines to Japan, HongKong, South Korea and Russia, with a total mileage of 205,0OOkms, In respect to communications, international, domestic direct dial business has been opened in all the cities and counties, the total number of telephone switches reached 2.26 million sets.
Ports Open to the Outside
Liaoning boasts altogether 19 various ports, which include:
7 Seaports: Dalian, Dayaowan, Yingkou, Bayuquan ,Lantou, Dadong, Jinzhou
2 Landports: Dandong Railway Port, Dandong Highway Port
2 Airports: Shenyang Taoxian, Dalian Zhoushuizi
1 oil pipeline from Dandong to DPR of Korea
1 ferry port in Peace Bay of Dandong to and fro DPR of Korea
Shenyang Port
Shenyang port is a single airport-Shenyang Taoxian Int'1 Airport. 18km south of the city proper, the airport is the largest one in northeast China, capable of any planes to take off and land. By now ,it has opened 35 domestic air lines, directly leading to over 30 cities in China. It also opened 2 international lines (Shenyang--Seoul, Shenyang--Irkutsk) and 1 regional line (Shenyang -- Hong Kong), which has 8 flights every week.
Dalian Port
Which includes 1 airport and 2 seaports.
1. Dalian Zhoushuizi int' Airport
10km away from the city proper, the Airport by now has opened domestic lines to 28 cities in China,4 periodical lines to Tokyo, Fukuoka, Seoul and HongKong (14 flights per week), and chartered cargo flights with countries like Japan ,the U.S.A Romania, Luxembourg, Nerthland, Canada etc..
2. Dalian Port
Located in the southern point of Liaodong Peninsula, the port boasts the largest multifunctional passenger and cargo transportation center in northeast China. Its broad harbour and deep water makes it ice--free and silt--free all the year round. Now it has 62 berths dealing crude oil, finished oil, coal, timber, bulk grain, container, sundry and dangerous goods etc. ,among which,10,000 ton berths 32,the largest one is capable for 100,000 ton oil tanks to anchor. The port possesses 285,000sq. m. of warehouse,630,000sq. m. of open yard and various modern loading and unload- ing equipment.
3. Dayaowan New Port
The new port,l5km away from Dalian, is a close neighbour of the Dalian Economic & Technical Development Zone. Now two 30,000 tonnage container berths and two 25,000 tonnage multi-purpose berths have been built up, newly increasing annual handling capacity 2.6 million tons. The port, checked qualified by the State Port Administration, was officially announced open to foreign ships on June 18th, 1993.
Ying Kou Seaports
which include Ying Kou Port and Bayuquan Port
1. Ying Kou Port
Lying at the mouth of Liaohe River, it is the earliest trade port in the province. Now it has eight 3,000 tonnage berths, with annual handling capacity reaching more than 1.3 million tons.
2. Bayuquan Port
70km away from Yingkou city proper, the port is just located within the Yingkou Economic & Technical Development Zone. It has nine over 10,000 tonnage berths, including one 30,000 special coal berth, six bulk & sundry goods berths, and two container berths. Since its opening to the outside in 1988,now it has developed business with more than 100 ports from over 40 countries and regions, while its annual handling capacity has been raising with an average increasing rate of 30%.
Dandong Ports
1. Dandong Railway Port To be one of the largest railway Ports in China, every week, it has 4 pairs ,i.e. 8 passenger trains, and every day and night,10 Pair s,i.e. 20 cargo trains, of international through transport, to pass the port. It is a must for border cargoes from East Europe and Russia to DPR of Korea.
2. Dandong Seaport
Include Langtou Port and Dandong port, al together 5 berths, with one 10,000 tonnage berth.
Jinzhou Port
To be the most northern seaport in China, now Jinzhou Port, after Dalian, has become the second foreign trade harbour which is capable of crude oil import and finished oil export. The port has built up one 10,000 tonnage finished oil berth and one same tonnage sundry goods berth. According to the newly -- adjusted Jinzhou port construction plan, it is going to newly build two 30,000 tonnage sundry goods berth and one 50,000 tonnage oil berth, making its annual handling capacity to 5 million tons. By now, one of them has been built up and put into use. |
| Human Resource |
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Population & Nationality
The current population of Liaoning province is 40,900,000, accounting for 3.4% of the mainland's total. It ranks the twelfth in terms of population among the provinces, cities and autonomous regions. There are 21,300,000 urban residents,taking52.13% of provincial total. The implementation of the family panning policy was first introduced in 1970 aiming at controlling the growth of the population and improving the quality of population. The population growth rate remains fairly low in 1990s. At present time, the population birth rate of the province remains about 12% , and natural growth rate 6% . With the development of social economy, education and industry of medical health care, the general cultural quality and health condition is constantly improving. There 34 million people with different educational background among those who are above 6 years old,accounting for 83.1% of provincial total. 261 people out of every 10,000 are university graduates; 4, 554 with high.
Strong Scientific and Technological Forces
Liaoning is home to 364 various independent research institutes, 63 colleges and universities, and 1.82 million technicians of various specialties. Non-official Scien--tech enterprises have developed to the number of 6,100,which has become a new driving force of the province's economy. In recent years, the province has gained 15,900 important scientific research achievements, with 244 of them achieving the State's scientific advancement awards, invention awards and natural science awards. The connection between scientific results and production is getting more closer. Among the 3,453 natural science achievements, 2,473 of them are directly transferred into production, application rate reaching 71. 3%. High and new tech industry is booming in the province, a batch of enterprises are renovated in varying degrees by applying high & new tech achievements. All these express themselves that Liaoning is strongly capable of accepting and absorbing advanced foreign technology and expertise. |
| FDI |
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Foreign investment in Liaoning Province in Northeast China has almost doubled after one year's implementation of the country's Northeast Rejuvenation strategy.
Ongoing construction of two major bases in Liaoning a modern equipment manufacturing base and a key raw materials base, will provide greater opportunities to investors, says Wang Wanbin, vice-secretary of the Liaoning Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, according to China Daily Tuesday.
In the first eight months, foreign direct investment (FDI) to Liaoning reached US$2.89 billion, rising 96 per cent. The growth rate far outpaced the national rate of 18.77 per cent in the same period.
Wang said the country's strategy to revitalize Northeast China, which include Liaoning, Heilongjiang and Jilin Provinces, is paying off.
'The strategy gave birth to many big projects and beefed up reforms of State-owned enterprises, which enabled many opportunities for foreign investors,' Wang said.
Policy incentives have brought vitality to Liaoning, which has a strong industrial capacity, he said.
The northeastern region is home to China's most important manufacturing enterprises, oil wells and metal mines, as well as defence sector manufacturing.
The region's economy has experienced hardship since China introduced a market system a decade ago, largely because of a heavy tax burden and excessive staff in its mammoth State-owned factories.
The State's Northeast Rejuve-nation scheme is pivotal to rebuilding the region and making it a new powerhouse for the country's economic growth, alongside the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta and the Beijing region.
Most of the investment is focused on 'two bases' and 'three industries,' according to Liu Guoqiang, vice-governor of Liaoning.
Liaoning has set out to develop itself into China's manufacturing and materials base, attaching great attention to high-tech, agricultural products processing and service sectors, Liu said.
Many of its products are in dominant positions in domestic markets.
Its petrochemical capacity, for example, is the third strongest in the country; its crude oil processing ranks first; and its comprehensive metallurgical capacity ranks second.
Its iron and steel, light passenger car, ship building, and digital-controlled machine tool industries are famous throughout the country.
Liu predicted more opportunities will be created for investors as the rejuvenation project broadens.
Liaoning has listed 690 technical projects, which need total investment of 650 billion yuan (US$78.5 billion), Liu said.
The province is in the process of building the nation's largest oil and petrochemical production base and special steel and construction steel bases.
Ten IT-related production lines are being prepared, including digital medical equipment, Liu said.
In the central government's rejuvenation strategy for the Northeast, Liaoning will have a decisive role.
At present, the province's gross domestic product accounts for 46 per cent of the three provinces in Northeast China, its industrial added value accounts for 44 per cent; fixed assets investment accounts for 47 per cent.
Meanwhile, due to its advan-tageous position, Liaoning's import and export volume stands at 70 per cent of the total of the three provinces; and the amount of foreign investment is about 78 per cent. |
| Preferential Policies |
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Priorities For Foreign Investment
The Major Fields in Utilizing Foreign Investment of Liaoning Province
At present ,the main focus of our utilization of foreign investment are in the following five fields:
Firstly, we introduce foreign investment to promote the improvement of the industrial structure .With the focus on the overall optimization of industries and the reform of backbone large-and medium-sized state-owned enterprises, we apply the methods such as joint venture, cooperation and stock right transfer, to accelerate the cooperation with large companies and consortiums in the world in an extensive range of fields such as petrochemical engineering, metallurgy, metallurgy, machinery and electronics, etc.
Secondly, we utilize foreign investment to quicken the pace of development in hi-tech industry. We give priority to the development in electronic information technology, mechatronic technology, new material technology, bio-engineering and pharmaceutical technology, etc., as newly developed industries, and cooperatively develop a group of international advanced projects which can greatly influence the overall economic development.
Thirdly, we utilize foreign investment in the development and deep processing of industrialized agricultural projects. We encourage foreign investors to participate in the business of industrialized agriculture that is focused on the series projects development of cereals, vegetables, livestock, aquatic products, fruit and forestry specialties.
Fourthly, we utilize foreign investment to accelerate the construction of infrastructure facilities, especially in the projects of ports, roads, telecommunication, water resources and tourism facilities.
Fifthly, we utilize foreign investment to develop the environmental protection industry. We combine the development of environmental protection controlling, technical research and industry, and carry out a group of foreign investment projects in environmental protection industry, in order to synchronize the development of economy with the development of environmental protection and control.
Besides, Liaoning Province will also actively expand the fields of utilizing foreign investment, mainly to the fields of commerce, foreign trade, tourism and construction, etc.
While the history is opening to a new page ,Liaoning Province will greet the world with vigor and vitality. With China's entering the World Trade Organization and the acceleration of the economic globalization, we are ready to cooperate with friends all over the world for common development and a splendid future!
Investment Protection
With the approval of the Chinese Government, the foreign investment companies established in Liaoning Province, if accord with the conditions for legal persons, can obtain the legal personality according to the law. The legal rights of the foreign investment companies, including the foreign investors' property ownership, distribution rights and the disposal rights of the proper income are all protected by the Chinese law.
Ⅰ.The government protects the autonomous power in management of the foreign investment companies according to the law, and supports the foreign investment companies to manage the business according to the international practice. The foreign investment companies have the right to design their own production and management plans, raise and utilize funds, purchase materials and sale products, within the range of the contracts approved.
Ⅱ.According to the demand of production and management, foreign investment companies can decide the organizational structure and personnel body, employ and dismiss different levels of management, add or dismiss employees, etc., by themselves. The employees from the original company of the Chinese partner, according to the contract, has the priority to be employed in vacant positions. Besides them, the employees should generally be employed from the local area of the company. The engineers and managers can be employed from other parts of China or abroad.
Ⅲ.After executing the obligations termed by the law, the agreement and the contract, and after paying the income tax according to the regulation, the net profit, the net capital obtained after the period of management is over or the company is discontinued, and other proper income of the foreign investors may be transferred abroad.
Ⅳ.The foreign investment companies can take out various types of insurance policies from the local insurance companies or other insurance companies with approval.
Ⅴ.The patent technology provided by the foreign investor and approved in China and the registered trademark are protected by China's Patent Law and Trade Mark Law. When infringement occurs, the injured party may appeal to the patent administration or the industrial and commercial administration for a solution, or it could bring the case to court.
Ⅵ.For Sino-foreign joint ventures and cooperative management companies, when executing the contract (agreement), if dispute occurs, and cannot be solved with negotiation or conciliation, according to the written agreement of the arbitration concerned, any disputing party can bring the case to the local China People's Court.
Ⅶ.The nation will not nationalize or expropriate foreign investment companies. Under special circumstances, according to the need of social profit, the nation may expropriate certain foreign investment companies following lawful procedures, and will give foreign investors compensation accordingly.
Ⅷ.The government especially encourages foreign investment in export product manufacturing or advanced technology companies, and will give preferential policies in taxation, etc., to such companies.
Ⅸ.The rights of foreign investors in China is also protected by the bilateral investment insurance agreement or protection agreement and the agreement to prevent the double taxation between the Chinese Government and the government of the foreign investor's country.
Ⅹ.We encourage the investment from overseas Chinese and the compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. The foreign investment by overseas Chinese and the compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan may enjoy preferential treatment accordingly. Besides, the nation has also drew up and issued The State Council's Regulations for Encouraging the Investment by Taiwan Compatriots, The State Council's Regulations for Encouraging the Investment by Overseas Chinese and Hong Kong and Macao Compatriots, and The Taiwan Compatriots'Investment Protection Act of People's Republic of China, and Liaoning Province has specially issued liaoning Province's Implementation Method for Encouraging Investment by Taiwan Compatriots. The purpose of implementation of these laws and regulations is to guarantee the legal rights of investors and the safety of their investment. |
| Living Environment |
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Geography
Liaoning province, abbreviated as "Liao", is situated at the southern part of northeast China (118 53'-125 46' east longitude, 38 43'-43 26' north latitude). The widest distance from the east to the west is 550km, while from the south to the north is 550 km. Liaoning is a key link between China's northeast economic zone and the Bohai Sea Rim economic zone. Liaoning is contiguous to Jilin province on the northeast, bordering on the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region on the northwest, adjoining Hebei province on the southwest. It overlooks the Bohai and Yellow Seas in the south, and faces the Democratic People's Republic of Korea over the Yalu River. Its boundary line is over 200km long . Liaoning is a vital communication line from the northeast region to inside Shanhaiguan Pass, as well as an important gateway and a forward belt for the northeast region and the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region leading to the outside world and connecting the Eurasian Continental Bridge.
Climate
Liaoning province lies in the east of the Eurasian Continent. It features temperate continental monsoon climate with a long winter, a warm summer and a short spring and autumn. The province receives annual sunlight radiation ranging from 100-200 calories per square cm, and 2100-2600 hours of sunlight with average temperature of 7-11o C. It enjoys 130- 200 days frost free period and 600- 1100 mm of precipitation every year. The annual rainfall is 1100 mm in the east hilly area; while in the west hilly region which is connected with Inner Mongolian plateau, the yearly precipitation is 400 mm. The rainfall in central plain is moderate with about 600 mm per year.
Tour
Liaoning province has different kinds of coastal tourist resources, and its coastal sea landscapes distribute mainly in west coast and southern part of the Liaodong peninsula. Among the well-known scopes are coastal karst topographic land scape in Jinzhou gulf of Dalian city, corroded pillars and tunnels in southern Dalian and Lushun, Great Pen Rack mountain in Jinzhou city and the Chrysanthemum Island in Xingcheng city. The coastal wet landscapes distribute mainly in top region of Liaodong gulf, river mouth of Liao river and the vast region from mouth of Yalu river to that of Dayang river. In these regions, there are broad reed field and different wild animals and beasts on the swamp area. They are valuable for tourism and scientific research. Along coastal region of Liaoning, there are 72 seaside resorts which are the best places for spending holiday.
Water Resources in Liaoning
In Liaoning province there are 392 large and small rivers,and their total length is more than 160,000 kilometers. The major rivers are Liao River, Hun River,Taizi River, Yalu River, Daling River and Xiaoling River. Liao River is one of the seven longest rivers and it is converged from West Liao river which rises in Guangtoushan mountain of Qilaotu mountains in Hebei province and East Liao river which rises in Hadaling mountain in Jilin province. The confluence of both its tributaries is at Guyushu in northern part of Liaoning province. The total length of Liao river in Liaoning province is 512 kilometers and its river basin area is 69,000 square kilometers.Yalu river is the border one between China and D.P.R.K.,and it is the second longest river inside the border of Liaoning province. It rises in Tianchi Lake of Changbai mountain of Jilin province and flows through Jilin province. At the mouth of Hunjiang river it flows into Liaoning province, then it is divided into two tributaries at Donggang city and finally it flows into Yellow sea. Its flow length in Liaoning province is 218 kilometers and the river basin area is 62, 000 square kilometers. The annual average discharge of all rivers calculated during many years is 32. 5 billion cubic meters and is equivalent to runoff depth of 223 millimeters. The synthetic compensation capacity of underground water is 11. 1 billion cubic meters and the recovered capacity is 6 billion cubic meters.Sub-strutting ground surface water and the repeated capacity of underground water, the total capacity of water resources in Liaoning province is 36.3 billion cubic meters. |
| Investment Agency |
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Name |
Liaoning Provincial Bureau of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation |
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Add. |
No.1 Beiling Street 45#, Huanggu District, Shenyang, Liaoning |
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Post Code |
110032 |
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Tel. |
86-24-86892613 |
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Fax |
86-24-86893858 |
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Web Site |
www.china-liaoning.org |
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E-mail |
iaoning@china-liaoning.org |
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Name |
Liaoning Provincial International Investment Promotion Centre |
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Add. |
Room 331 No.1 Beiling 45#, Huanggu District, Shenyang, Liaoning |
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Post Code |
110032 |
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Tel. |
86-24-86895390 |
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Fax |
86-24-86895130 |
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Web Site |
www.china-liaoning.org |
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E-mail |
liaoning@china-liaoning.org | | | | | |
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